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Pneumonia is a lung infection that can be caused by viruses, bacteria or fungi and can result in millions of hospitalizations and deaths annually. These antibiotics target bacteria through mechanisms distinct from traditional antibiotics, thus helping to reduce the impact of resistant strains.
Xtalks is taking a look at some of the major stories and innovations of the year in the lifesciences, many of which were driven by new, emerging and improved technologies. The year 2021 was all about continuing innovations in the lifesciences. LifeScience Innovations: Malaria and Influenza Vaccines.
Increasing research into the gut microbiome has revealed new and emerging roles for the ‘good bacteria’ in our bodies, with the latest being a new study that shows how they can help the immune system attack cancer cells. The findings were published in the journal Science.
Macrophages are white blood cells that specialize in the detection, phagocytosis and destruction of bacteria and other harmful organisms. In other words, when fighting bacteria, the macrophages are programmed to be pro-inflammatory. However, when they are programmed to be anti-inflammatory, they can help decrease inflammation.
Merck has scored US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for its next-generation pneumonia vaccine Vaxneuvance that covers 15 different strains of the pneumococcal bacteria that causes the infection. Both next-gen shots offer enhanced protection against bacteria that can cause pneumonia, blood infections and meningitis.
According to a November 2023 readout, Capvaxive also elicited superior immuneresponses for ten of the 11 serotypes not covered by Prevnar 20. Related: Pneumococcal Vaccination for Adults: Conversation with Vaccine Scientists Dr. Heather Platt and Dr. Ulrike Buchwald from Merck – Xtalks LifeScience Podcast Ep.
While diseases like celiac are associated with inappropriate activation of the immune system triggered by food antigens, this is not the case in IBS. In a normal, healthy intestine, foods do not trigger immuneresponses and so in a patient with IBS, something else must activate the response. Mouse and Human Studies.
Of important note is the aberrant immuneresponse that occurs in patients with COVID-19, including the intensive release of cytokines (cytokine storm), which can make a patient infected with SARS-CoV2 more susceptible to contracting a bacterial respiratory infection.
It may be caused by the immune system being triggered by a virus or bacteria that results in an atypical immuneresponse, or genetics play a role in disease development as it is more common in people whose immediate family members have Crohn’s disease.
On the back of phase 1b data the Copenhagen-based biotech said it had brought in new investors Sanofi Ventures, Adjuvant Capital and Industrifonden along with existing investors Novo Holdings, REPAIR Impact, Sunstone LifeScience Ventures and LF Investment.
Fabhalta works by inhibiting factor B, a key enzyme in the alternative complement pathway, thus calming the damaging immuneresponse. Due to a risk of serious infections from encapsulated bacteria, its use is limited to a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy requiring specific vaccinations.
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