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Using viruses that infect bacteria to detect proteins sprouted by a notorious parasite, scientists have honed in on possible vaccine targets for schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease that currently affects an estimated 600 million people worldwide, causing 280,000 deaths per year.
Credit: Surajit Chatterjee To better understand how RNA in bacteria gives rise to protein–and along the way, target these processes in the design of new antibiotics–researchers are turning their attention to the unique way this process happens in bacteria.
Lyme disease is also known as borreliosis, which refers to the borrelia bacteria that cause the condition. The vaccine targets six different serotypes of borrelia bacteria. In the past, the volatility of the bacteria made target identification difficult. It is currently treated with antibiotics.
When exposed to stress, bacteria allow their metabolism to take a break during which they suppress, for example, the incorporation of proteins into membranes. Scientists from Marburg, Freiburg and Munich have discovered this by biochemically investigating the stress response of microorganisms.
CAMBRIDGE, MA — MIT chemists have discovered the structure of a protein that can pump toxic molecules out of bacterial cells. Proteins similar to this one, which is found in E. coli, are believed to help bacteria become resistant to multiple antibiotics.
. – Researchers from the University of Louisville School of Dentistry and their colleagues have discovered details of how proteins produced by oral epithelial cells protect humans against viruses entering the body through the mouth. Credit: University […].
To counter this, bacteria can increase their internal solute concentration. Scientists from the University of Groningen elucidated the structure of a transport protein OpuA, that imports glycine betaine to counter […].
But several researchers and experts have brought to light some food safety concerns of plant-based meat, and why it must be treated differently than that of animal protein. Because of their near-neutral pH and high protein and moisture content, plant-based meats are susceptible to microbial growth. Subject to Microbial Growth.
Fortunately, there were already multiple strains of bacteria that infected and killed these insects. Why not learn from the best? Continue to STAT+ to read the full story…
Building the driving machinery of bacteria, the flagella, requires numerous proteins to be assembled. Credit: UNIGE/VIOLLIER To build the machinery that enables bacteria to swim, over 50 proteins have to be assembled according to a logic and well-defined […].
Treatment with a peptide that mimics the naturally occurring protein GIV prevents immune overreaction, supports a mechanism critical for survival in mouse models of sepsis and colitis Credit: UC San Diego Health Sciences The immune response to infections is a delicate balance.
Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and their collaborators have discovered an aberrant protein that’s deadly to bacteria. In a paper just published in the journal PLOS ONE, the scientists describe how this erroneously built protein mimics the action of aminoglycosides, a class of antibiotics.
A geneticist from RUDN University studied the effect of Bifidobacterium (intestinal bacteria) on the inflammatory process and discovered that their surface protein is capable of stopping excessive or uncontrollable inflammation Credit: RUDN Univeristy A geneticist from RUDN University studied the effect of Bifidobacterium (intestinal bacteria) on the (..)
Variation in how animals and bacteria use heme reveals potential target for new antibiotics Credit: (Courtesy of Robert Kranz) It took an unlikely food innovation — earth-friendly vegetarian patties, made to taste and “bleed” like the familiar meaty ones — to make people aware of heme.
The immune system is a complex network of cells and proteins with a simple job. To do that, the cells must recognize and destroy infecting viruses or bacteria. BIRMINGHAM, Ala. – Defend the body against infection. In addition, the system also has to keep a record of each pathogen it has defeated, so it can […].
Many bacteria and unicellular algae have light-driven pumps in their cell membranes: proteins that change shape when exposed to photons such that they can transport charged atoms in or out of the cell. Thanks to these pumps, their unicellular owners can adjust to the environment’s pH value or salinity.
Renegade Creamery makes plant-based cheese but adds milk proteins produced in strains of yeast and bacteria and uses an “artisan fermentation process.” The company says that the whey-protein-producing microbes are “fed” plant-based inputs and the milk protein is collected following fermentation.
The findings, published in Science Translational Medicine, suggests that breaches in damaged gums allow bacteria in the mouth to seep into the bloodstream, activating an immune response that ultimately pivots to target the body's own proteins and causes arthritis flareups.
Simply put, an antibody is a large, Y-shaped blood protein produced by plasma cells that the immune system uses to take down pathogens like bacteria – and of course, viruses like SARS-CoV-2.
Hansen DALLAS – May 21, 2021 – One member of a large protein family that is known to stop the spread of bacterial infections by prompting infected human cells to self-destruct appears to kill the infectious bacteria instead, a new study led by UT Southwestern scientists shows. However, some bacteria have their […].
Princeton researchers have discovered a new protein involved in assembly and maintenance of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria Credit: Silhavy Lab, Princeton University Bacteria are single-celled organisms that are essential to human health, both in our environment and inside our own bodies.
This investigational multivalent protein subunit vaccine targets the outer surface protein A (OspA) of the bacterium Borrelia that causes the disease, an established mechanism of action for a Lyme disease vaccine.
Credit: Eric Koch Nearly every organism hosts a collection of symbiotic microbes–a microbiome. It is now recognized that microbiomes are major drivers of health in all animals, including humans, and that these symbiotic systems often exhibit strong daily rhythms.
Researchers from the Institute of Biotechnology at the Life Sciences Center of Vilnius University – Dalia Smalakyte, Audrone Rukšenaite, Dr Giedrius Sasnauskas, Dr Giedre Tamulaitiene, and Dr Gintautas Tamulaitis – have revealed the structure of the CRISPR-Cas "protein scissors" found in bacteria and provided mechanistic details on how they function. (..)
Crop legumes are an integral part of sustainable agriculture, as several of these species represent an important protein source for both human and animal populations. Legumes engage in a unique and beneficial interaction with a group of soil bacteria, collectively called rhizobia.
Veneno will carry out a programme to generate functional peptides (DRPs) for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which will be targeted by Astellas. Drug discovery company Veneno Technologies has signed a joint research agreement with Japanese pharmaceutical company Astellas Pharma.
Now, a first-of-its-kind Stanford University analysis evaluates the market potential of the approach, in which bacteria fed captured methane grow into protein-rich fishmeal. Like a mirage on the horizon, an innovative process for converting a potent greenhouse gas into a food security solution has been stalled by economic uncertainty.
An investigational orally delivered biologic drug, LMN-201 is a cocktail of four therapeutic proteins that act synergistically to neutralise the C difficile bacterium and the toxin. It is compatible with standard-of-care antibiotics. Pivotal trials on LMN-201 are expected to commence in 2023.
Macrophages are white blood cells that specialize in the detection, phagocytosis and destruction of bacteria and other harmful organisms. In other words, when fighting bacteria, the macrophages are programmed to be pro-inflammatory. They found a protein called Rspondin3, which is released at high levels during inflammatory injury.
Potential new antibiotics work by disrupting bacterial membrane and summoning immune cells in animal models PHILADELPHIA–A team led by scientists in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania has engineered powerful new antimicrobial molecules from toxic proteins found in wasp venom.
Like humans, bacteria and archaea can be attacked by viruses. Bacterial defenses, such as CRISPR-Cas systems, have diverse proteins and functions that help bacteria protect themselves against foreign invaders. These microorganisms have developed their own immune defense strategies against their pathogens.
Researchers from Skoltech, Lomonosov Moscow State University, and the Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems have studied the genomes of some 200 strains of bacteria to determine which proteins in the ribosome, part of the key cell machinery, can be safely lost and why.
Membrane-localized phage proteins may also help revitalize, enhance existing antibiotics A study from the Center for Phage Technology, part of Texas A&M’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, shows how the “hidden” genes in bacteriophages — types of viruses that infect and destroy (..)
Here’s how it works: methanotrophic bacteria , which serve as biofilters for the oxidation of methane, transform the greenhouse gas into protein-rich fishmeal for farmed fish. “In This is where methanotrophic bacteria come in.
Viruses and bacteria can be first modified to prevent them from causing infectious diseases and then implemented into human tissues as therapeutic gene vectors. Similarly, DNA molecules can be genetically modified and introduced into human cells, or individual patient cells can be genetically modified and reintroduced to the body.
One nanobody in particular, called NIH-CoVnb-112, was shown to be able to prevent COVID-19 infection from the novel coronavirus by targeting both the spike protein on SARS-CoV-2, as well as the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor that it binds to on human cells. The study was led by neuroscientists Thomas J. “TJ”
Bacteria plays a crucial role in maintaining the ecosystem balance. However, there are few species of bacteria that can cause several infectious diseases ( such as strep throat, salmonellosis, tuberculosis, whooping cough ). The overuse of antibiotics has resulted in the emergence of multi-drug-resistant bacteria. coli and P.
Bioinformatics: publication in Nature Communications The most important components for the functioning of a biological cell are its proteins. As a result, protein production is arguably the most important process for cell growth. The faster the bacterial growth rate, the faster protein synthesis needs to take place.
Separately, this process may produce odors as bacteria present on the skin break down sweat proteins. A deodorant kills the bacteria that produce the odor, while an antiperspirant clogs sweat […].
Pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries widely use freeze-drying systems to protect vaccines, antibodies, antibiotics such as penicillin, blood plasma, proteins, enzymes, hormones, viruses, and bacteria from heat and minimise their biological activity.
Working with tiny bacteria, Michigan State University researchers led by Lee Kroos have made a discovery that could have big implications for biology. EAST LANSING, Mich.
Toxic protein inhibits cell wall synthesis in rival bacteria. Discovery helps explain how pathogens cause imbalances in established microbial communities and could pave the way to the development of novel anti-microbial compounds.
The key component in all vaccines is one or more active ingredients made from viruses or bacteria, also called antigens, which generates an immune response. The active component of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine tozinameran, contains the genetic code for the coronavirus spike protein, inside a lipid (fat) capsule.
Using only a small blood sample, the test detects a protein secreted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes TB infection Credit: Video by Carolyn Scofield, Tulane University School of Medicine Researchers at Tulane University School of Medicine have developed a highly sensitive blood test that can find traces of the bacteria that causes tuberculosis (..)
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