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After initial rejection from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) last year, the non-departmental public body of the Department of Health in England has now given the green light to the genesilencing treatment Givlaari (givosiran) for the treatment of the rare metabolic disorder, acute intermittent porphyria (AIP).
BOSTON – A long-running debate over how an important gene-silencing protein identifies its targets has been resolved by researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). The findings could yield important implications for development of drugs to treat cancer and other diseases.
Different approaches that are studied include antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and gene therapies, which are in early clinical trials. Other lines of research look at the genetic overlap between FTD and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which could be used in the development of treatments for both conditions.
A newly developed CRISPR-Cas9-based tool carries out efficient and long-term genesilencing by epigenetic editing Credit: BioDesign Research Originally discovered as a bacterial mode of defense against invading viruses, the remarkable ability of CRISPR-Cas9 to modify specific locations of DNA has made it a researcher favorite among gene editing tools. (..)
UK cost-effectiveness watchdog NICE is set to recommend NHS use of Alnylam’s gene-silencing therapy Givlaari in England and Wales for the rare disease acute hepatic porphyria (AHP), after its advisors issued a positive verdict on the drug.
The reductions matched the efficacy of current therapies for ATTR amyloidosis that require chronic dosing such as Alnylam’s Onpattro (patisiran) and Ionis/Akcea’s Tegsedi (inotersen) – both gene-silencing agents which can cost around $450,000 a year.
Researchers at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) and the Whitehead Institute have developed a novel CRISPR-based tool called “CRISPRoff” that can switch off genes in human cells through epigenetic editing without altering the genetic sequence itself.
A number of candidate therapies such as CRISPR-Cas9 and genesilencing require the efficient delivery of functional nucleic acids to the cell cytosol and nucleus. Divita Mathur, Research Assistant Professor, is studying cytosolic access and instability of DNA nanoparticles.
Almost two decades after the human genome was sequenced, a trickle of new genetic medicines (i.e., those that modify the expression of an individual’s genes or repair abnormal genes) has entered clinical practice, including 11 RNA therapeutics, 2 in vivo gene therapies, and 2 gene-modified cell therapies.
Alexion has been working hard to flesh out is pipeline as well, snapping up Achillion Pharma, Syntimmune, Wilson Therapeutics and Portola and forging an alliance with gene-silencing specialist Dicerna focusing on complement diseases.
The US biotech has just reported phase 2 trial results with the small, interfering RNA (siRNA) gene-silencing drug showing that it an cause a 90% or greater reduction in Lp(a) levels – a risk factor for cardiovascular disease – that was sustained over 48 weeks of follow-up.
Danish drugmaker Novo Nordisk must like what it has seen in its two-year-old alliance with gene-silencing specialist Dicerna Pharma – it has just agreed to acquire the biotech for $3.3 billion in cash.
Alnylam Pharma has made a name for itself, developing gene-silencing therapies for rare disorders, but its latest discovery could take it into a much larger category – metabolic and cardiovascular disease.
The FDA has approved Alnylam’s genesilencing drug Oxlumo, the first treatment for primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1), an ultra-rare and life-threatening genetic disorder.
“The obvious disappointment is that they don’t seem to have thought it cost effective for familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), where patients have genetically elevated LDL-C and limitations on treatments available. This needs further thought,” he added.
Researchers at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) and the Whitehead Institute have developed a novel CRISPR-based tool called “CRISPRoff” that can switch off genes in human cells without editing the genetic sequence itself. These modifications regulate gene expression without altering the sequence or structure of DNA.
In summer, Alnylam’s genesilencing drug Oxlumo, the first treatment for primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1), an ultra-rare and life-threatening genetic disorder Oxlumo was approved in the European Union and the US. Pharma companies have also made headway in rare diseases as several pipeline projects came to fruition.
Earlier this year, the group also signed a licensing deal with Dyno Therapeutics for its AAV capsid-based gene delivery technology, also focused on ocular disease which remains one of Novartis’ core drug development targets despite the spin-off of the Alcon eyecare division in 2019. It also gets two preclinical-stage development projects.
RNA therapeutics are a novel class of biopharmaceuticals that harness the power of RNA molecules for the treatment and prevention of a wide range of disorders, including oncological, and genetic disorders as well as infectious diseases. These therapeutics are broadly classified into two categories, namely coding RNAs and non-coding RNAs.
PH1 is an ultra-rare genetic disease characterized by oxalate overproduction. About Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1 (PH1) PH1 is an ultra-rare genetic disease that affects an estimated one to three individuals per million in the United States and Europe. Oxlumo should be administered by a healthcare professional.
The UK’s National Health Service (NHS) has recommended the use of Libmeldy for the treatment of the rare genetic disease metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). Related: GeneSilencing Porphyria Treatment, Givlaari, Finally Wins Over England’s NICE Amid Stellar Long-Term Data.
The hATTR diagnosis is mainly dependent on symptoms and can be confirmed via performing tissue biopsies, genetic testing, and imaging studies. Gene-silencing Therapies. Silencing or modifying gene TTR aims to reduce the effect of both variant and wild-type TTR gene, thus reducing hepatic production by targeting its mRNA.
These early results establish the first human translation of Alnylam’s proprietary C16-siRNA conjugate platform for central nervous system (CNS) delivery and are the first clinical demonstration of genesilencing in the human brain using an RNAi therapeutic.
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