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2022 was a banner year for genomics. In March, the collaborative T2T consortium published the first complete telomere-to-telomere sequence of the human genome, filling in the last 8% of the 3 billion base pairs that make up our DNA.
Credit: The Wistar Institute PHILADELPHIA — (March 12, 2021) — Scientists at The Wistar Institute identified a new function of ADAR1, a protein responsible for RNA editing, discovering that the ADAR1p110 isoform regulates genome […].
The collaboration aims to “close the gap between single-cell RNA sequencing wet-lab services and single-cell data analysis solutions,” which will allow scientists to study the finest details that can be hard to access. Research Instruments is the main distributor for genomic and life science research products in the region.
Scientists at Goethe University within the international consortium COVID19-NMR refine previous 2D models The genetic code of the SARS-CoV2 virus is exactly 29,902 characters long, strung through a long RNA molecule. It contains the information for the production of 27 proteins.
The answer may lie in the genetic code of the virus, which scientists at Duke University have found contains several silent mutations that affect protein folding. Moreover, Berrio says the changes likely affected the folding and function of viral RNA. The study was published on October 16 in the journal PeerJ.
Scientists are fighting back with multiple strategies, including vaccines, repurposed drugs developed for other diseases and brand-new therapies. Now, researchers reporting in ACS Central Science have identified small molecules that target a structure within the RNAgenome […].
In addition, the scientists later found that the HAV needs TENT4A/B for its replication. It was also found in lab experiments that ZCCHC14, a protein that interacts with zinc, attaches to certain part of HAV’s ribonucleic acid (RNA), enabling the virus to recruit TENT4 from the human cell.
The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to American scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for their groundbreaking discovery of microRNA (or miRNA) and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Their ability to modulate gene expression at the RNA level provides a novel therapeutic approach for conditions.
The CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system uses a programmable single guide RNA sequence (sgRNA) to find and bind to specific regions of DNA and the Cas9 nuclease induces double strand breaks at these target regions of the genome. How does the Gene Editing Tool PASTE Work?
Mount Sinai researchers have developed a new model that uses DNA and RNA sequencing data from hundreds of patients to identify specific genes and genetic alterations responsible for never-before-defined subtypes of a blood cancer called multiple myeloma.
A new stem cell model, discovered by researchers exploring the human genome, will help scientists to map out the key genomic changes during early development. Indeed, this latest discovery follows scientists uncovering the genome stage of development in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) a decade ago.
Singapore scientists uncover potential role of long non-coding RNAs in pancreatic cancer Credit: From Figure 4 in Liu, S., Genome Med 12, 89 (2020). doi:10.1186/s13073-020-00788-5… SINGAPORE, 3 Nov 2020 – Long RNA molecules carrying DNA codes that […]. Genome Med 12, 89 (2020). Harmston, N.,
CRISPR is notable for engineering living cells, allowing scientists to edit, turn off, delete, or replace genes in a cell’s genome. It is difficult to control where the viral vectors insert genes in the genome, and it is difficult to manufacture large quantities of clinical-grade viral vectors.
The tool could also prove to be safer than conventional CRISPR-based gene therapies as it does not involve DNA editing, and thus would not cause potentially harmful off-target genomic changes. Epigenetic Editing with CRISPR. DNA methylation occurs endogenously in all mammalian cells in response to various stimuli.
Compared to standard plasma HIV-1 RNA drug resistance profiling, which requires a viral load of at least 500 copies per mL, proviral HIV-1 testing can be performed on samples with much lower virion counts of <50 copies per mL (below the detectable limit in RNA testing).
“The beauty of this approach is we can safely upregulate specific genes to affect cell activity without permanently changing the genome and cause unintended mistakes,” Levy said. PRC2 can be blocked with chemicals, but they are imprecise, affecting PRC2 function throughout the genome.
Dr Jennifer Harbottle, senior scientist in the R&D Base Editing team of PerkinElmer’s Horizon Discovery business, looks at progress made in the realms of biotechnology and next-generation diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics, including the application of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in developing and refining cell therapies.
Accenture Applied Intelligence announced a new data and analytics approach to manage and derive insights from paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) genomic data, with the potential to improve precision medicine.
Insights from project could potentially improve precision medicine use for paediatric AML.
An important feature of the test that contributes to its reduced cost is the fact that sample processing does not require a separate nucleic acid (RNA) extraction step. This is significant because shortages of RNA extraction kits have been a recurrent issue since the beginning of the pandemic.
Scientists in Israel have used the CRISPR Cas-9 gene editing system to destroy cancerous cells in mice without damaging other cells. To conduct the research, the scientists used hundreds of mice with two of the most aggressive forms of cancer: glioblastoma and metastatic ovarian cancer. Photo courtesy of Science Advances.
Significant differences among COVID-19 diagnostic tests are resulting in inaccurate results that sometimes put populations at risk or quarantine people needlessly, contributing to skepticism about pronouncements from scientists and public health authorities. Advantages include sensitivity, better limit of detection, and miniaturization.
The tool could also prove to be safer than conventional CRISPR-based gene therapies as it does not involve DNA editing, and thus would not cause potentially harmful off-target genomic changes. Epigenome Editing with CRISPR. DNA methylation occurs endogenously in all mammalian cells in response to various stimuli.
With exciting new applications being developed in the areas of gene therapy, CRISPR and RNA editing, the contributions of women to these fields was highlighted in a piece we published last year on women scientists who paved the way forward in genetics.
Polymerase is a viral protein that directs how Ebola virus replicates its genome as it infects new hosts. Now scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI) and Scripps Research have found a promising strategy for stopping Ebola virus polymerase. “This presents additional hurdles for polymerase,” says Fang.
A genomic analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which causes COVID-19, shows that the virus accumulates around two mutations a month. These will be encoded in messenger RNA (mRNA) formulated with the laboratory’s NLP technology before injection. Feature image courtesy of Rocky Mountain Laboratories/NIH.
Several FDA-approved drugs – including for type 2 diabetes, hepatitis C and HIV – significantly reduce the ability of the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 to replicate in human cells, according to new research led by scientists at Penn State. ” The findings published today (Feb. 25) in the journal Communications Biology. .
Instead of snipping the genome, base editing lets for edits of individual letters in a genetic sequence. The GuideTx technology screens for lipid nanoparticles inside the body that can be used to deliver RNA to cells throughout the body. Beam employs three approaches to deliver its genetic medicines to cells.
But HIV’s ability to mutate isn’t unique among RNA viruses – most viruses develop mutations, or changes in their genetic code, over time. They compared these sequences with the original SARS-CoV-2 genome, cross-checking the genetic changes against their highly networked epitopes. 1.351 Beta, P1 Gamma, and B.1.617.2
UCSF scientists found that having an additional copy of the sex chromosome gives women two “doses” of a gene found only on that chromosome. To further confirm these results, the scientists deleted the second X in female Alzheimer’s mice, which led them to be more cognitively impaired like males and die faster. The Active Gene.
From isolating SARS-CoV-2 in early January to sequencing its genome shortly thereafter and having a prototype vaccine against it within days, scientific process and progress have held steadfast throughout the pandemic. Infectious disease expert, epidemiologist and director of the Yale Institute for Global Health at Yale University, Saad B.
He says these issues must be urgently addressed over the next few years as advancing medical knowledge and the role of genomics in treating disease ushers in a new era of precision medicine and new potential to address diseases that affect certain populations.
” Armstrong told the Post that the CDC hopes to more than double the number of genomic sequences of the virus posted on public websites within the next two weeks. In addition, the mRNA (messenger RNA) vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna can be altered if necessary, the Post reported.
One person familiar with the list said it included the lipids that encase the RNA material in both the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines, the Times reported. Instead, it may have been identified there first because the British government has a strong monitoring system that has tracked tens of thousands of genomic sequences of virus samples.
That last number approaches the threshold scientists have deemed necessary for herd immunity, where enough of a population is immune and the spread of the coronavirus begins to recede. One person familiar with the list said it included the lipids that encase the RNA material in both the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines, the Times reported.
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